Former NBF Board Member presented distinguished Japanese award

All photos courtesy of Aaron Webb – Embassy of Japan in the USA

The Ambassador of Japan honored former National Bonsai Foundation (NBF) Board of Directors Member and author Ann McClellan at a ceremony earlier this month for her outstanding contributions of introducing Japanese culture and promoting friendly relations between Japan and the United States. 

Though she was officially awarded the Imperial Decoration “Order of the Rising Sun, Gold and Silver Rays” in 2021, the award presentation and ceremony was ultimately hosted on May 10, 2022, at the home of Koji Tomita, Japanese ambassador to the United States. 

“I am humbled beyond measure to have been recognized in this way,” Ann said. “It wasn't something I sought or expected.”

The presentation began with Ambassador Tomita’s speech, which welcomed the intimate crowd of Ann’s colleagues, friends and family and highlighted her contributions to furthering understanding of Japanese culture in the United States. The ambassador presented Ann with a certificate signed by the Japanese prime minister to accompany her medal, which had been pinned to her jacket for the ceremony. 

“The award came in a lovely lacquer box, which I keep in a special spot where I can see it daily,” she said. “Sometimes I reach out and touch it, just to affirm to myself that it's really here in my world.”

Ann also spoke at the ceremony, thanking the many supporters she has had throughout her career and about her introduction to Asian culture, which came when she unexpectedly taught a Japanese and Asian history course to high school students while finishing college. Since then, she’s traveled to Japan several times, worked on the Smithsonian Institution’s product development team for Japanese goods, written several books on Japanese cherry blossoms and spread the spirit of bonsai throughout the United States. 

Ann and her brother, Bill, speaking at the ceremony

“I was one hour ahead of the students in learning that semester, but it launched my abiding interest in Japan and all things Japanese,” Ann said in her speech. “I thank the cherry blossom and bonsai spirits for the honor and privilege of sharing their stories, and I thank the government of Japan for its recognition of my efforts to expand understanding of Japanese culture through these trees.” 

Ann’s eldest brother, Bill, gave a toast in her honor, which included an overview of Ann’s academic and professional background as well as family memories the siblings share. 

“To you and your written works and presentations on the Sakura Celebration, bonsai and Japanese culture – we toast your good works and wish you good luck in your next projects,” Bill said in his toast. 

Ann said she was in a state of astonishment about the experience and still lives in the reverie. For the foreseeable future, you will find her presentations on bonsai and cherry blossoms or working on her upcoming publications. Ann’s next book, to be published in 2023, highlights the cherry trees blossoming at the U.S. National Arboretum and around the world. You can find her book about the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum, Bonsai and Penjing: Ambassadors of Peace & Beauty, on the NBF bookstore.

 Although Ann recently finished her term as a member of the NBF Board, we still wholeheartedly  feel her support as a long-time supporter and leader of the Foundation. NBF is grateful for her dedication to sharing the art of bonsai and looks forward to her continued success in spreading appreciation and understanding for Japanese culture.

New Special-Edition, Commemorative T-Shirt Design!

We are thrilled to launch the new design of our 2022 commemorative World Bonsai Day t-shirt to our Gift Shop. The art featured on the front is of the Museum collection’s Black Pine and was originally done in woodblock by professional artist and friend of the Museum, Mary Ellen Carsley. Learn more about her and the inspiration she finds and shares through bonsai and the Museum here. The back features a quote by Bonsai Master Saburo Kato.

T-shirts come in both short-sleeved and long-sleeved and in several colors. Get yours today, or as a gift for your favorite bonsai lover!

Learn more about World Bonsai Day here.

Introducing the NBF Officers and Board of Directors for 2022-2023

Just as our trees are seeing changes of spring, so are we seeing changes to our Board leadership. We at the National Bonsai Foundation wish to thank Jim Hughes and Jim Brant who served as Chair of the Board and Secretary/Treasurer respectively over the last two years. Their long histories of dedicated support and fine leadership in these roles and beyond have been invaluable to NBF and the Museum over the years and we are forever grateful.

With their departure, we wish to offer a warm welcome and congratulations to newly elected Chair of the Board, Dr. Richard Kahn, PhD, Secretary, Ross Campbell, and Secretary/Treasurer-Elect, Daniel Angelucci.

We invite you to get to know these new leaders through their bios below. And hope you will leave a congratulatory message below.

Richard Kahn, PhD
Chair of the Board (2022-2024)
Richard Kahn, PhD, is an independent consultant/researcher and is a Clinical Professor of Medicine at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine since mid-2009. Prior to his retirement from the American Diabetes Association in June 2009, Richard was responsible for the scientific and medical affairs of the Association for nearly 25 years. He provided senior management oversight for all professional education activities, which consisted of all clinical and research conferences and symposia, and the largest diabetes-related clinical and scientific meeting in the world- --the annual ADA Scientific Sessions. Richard also oversaw the development of clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements, and he provided senior staff direction for the professional books and journals produced by the Association.

Under his leadership, the Association defined for the first time Standards for the medical care for persons with diabetes, introduced the concept of diabetes performance measures, redefined the diagnosis and classification of diabetes, started two major professional certification programs, introduced a new test for the diagnosis of diabetes, and produced dozens of guidelines and statements that have had a major impact on how diabetes and its complications are defined and treated. Before joining the American Diabetes Association in 1985, Richard was Chief of Scientific Affairs for the American Red Cross in St. Louis, Missouri, and an Associate Professor of Pathology at Washington University. In these positions, he established the first Tissue Bank in the Red Cross System and directed a large research laboratory concerned with the pathophysiology of blood cells and the prevention of transfusion-transmitted diseases.

Richard received his doctorate in physiology from Georgetown University and has published over 70 papers as well as numerous book chapters. He has received many awards and honors, including the 2009 Charles H. Best Medal for Distinguished Service from the American Diabetes Association and the 2009 Albert Renold Medal from the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. Richard has been a member of the board of NBF since 2018. He and his wife, Michelle, reside in Chevy Chase, MD. He has served on the board since 2018.

Ross Campbell
Secretary/Treasurer (2022-2024)
Ross Campbell retired from the U.S. Government Accountability Office in December 2019 after 34 years of federal service. As a Senior Analyst for GAO, Ross led teams of analysts, attorneys, and other specialists in reviewing and evaluating programs across a wide range of federal agencies. As the analyst in charge of these reviews, he was the principal author of reports to Congress on topics including ecosystem management, invasive species control, the use of animals in research, honeybee health, and avian influenza.

Ross was introduced to the beauty of Japanese gardens, bonsai, and design during a four-week trip to Japan as an exchange student in 1979. He became reacquainted with bonsai while living near the National Arboretum in the 80s and soon thereafter joined the Washington Bonsai Club. Ross served as the president of the Washington club for nearly a decade before joining the Brookside Bonsai Society in Maryland. He began as its newsletter editor in 2017. Ross also served many years as the treasurer of 1the Potomac Bonsai Association and as the treasurer for the American Bonsai Society’s 2015 Learning Symposium. Continuing in the realm of botany, Ross has been a registered Weed Warrior in Montgomery County, Maryland since the early 2000s. In this capacity, he works with other volunteers to remove non-native, invasive plants from his local county park. Ross has served as a member of the board of directors of the National Bonsai Foundation since 2020 and also became Secretary/Treasurer- Elect in 2020. For over 40 years, Ross has been dedicated to squash, but in this case, it is the racquet sport and not the vegetable. Ross was raised in Detroit, Michigan, and moved to Washington, D.C. in 1985. He and his wife, Maureen Wylie, reside in Silver Spring, Maryland. He has served on the board since 2020.

Daniel F. Angelucci, CIMA®
Secretary/Treasurer-Elect (2022 – 2024)
Dan Angelucci joined Merrill Lynch in 1987 and became part of The Locniskar Group in 1990 with more than 30 years of wealth management experience. The Locniskar Group joined the Merrill Lynch Private Bank and Investment Group in 2000. Dan focused on equity trading, concentrated stock strategies, philanthropic planning, creating retirement strategies, and providing personalized investment advice and guidance. He was granted the Certified Investment Management Analyst (CIMA) designation in 2008 through the Wharton Business School and is an active member of the Investment and Wealth Institute.

Dan has served on the board of directors of the Detroit Symphony Orchestra (Finance Committee, Pension Advisory Committee) and has been on the board of the National Bonsai Foundation since 2018 and as Chair-Elect since 2020. He is currently a member of the American Bonsai Society, Ann Arbor Bonsai Society of Michigan, and Pittsburgh Bonsai Society. He has practiced the art of bonsai for 36 years. He, also, served as Past-President of the Board of Directors of the Gowanie Golf Club and as a member for seven years. Dan and his wife, Rose, reside in Pittsburgh, PA. He has served on the board since 2018.

Milton Chang, PhD (2020-2023)

Milton Chang, PhD, has been an avid bonsai hobbyist since 1975, initially under the tutelage of Harry Hirao and later briefly under John Naka, when he was inducted into the California Bonsai Society. He broadened his perspective on bonsai through travel in Japan, China, Europe, and the United States. Milton’s collection is comprised of 100 trees, most of which he created from raw material.

Milton is an engineer, entrepreneur, and author of Toward Entrepreneurship. He was the CEO of two companies, which he built and led to successful initial public offerings. In addition, he has incubated over a dozen companies to successful exits. Milton has been active in professional societies and is a fellow of both the IEEE and the Optical Society of America (OSA). He has been on the boards of several private and public companies and served on the advisory boards of governmental agencies including the NIST and the SEC. He is a trustee of Caltech. His full bio can be found at www.miltonchang.com.

Chris Cochrane (1998-2025)

Chris Cochrane’s interest in bonsai began through the study of Eastern religions as his undergraduate major at the University of Virginia. He also holds a Master's degree in Public Administration. In 1988, the Richmond Bonsai Society (RBS) forever changed and challenged his appreciation of trees in miniature. Chris became secretary of RBS and later served as treasurer and president. In the early 1990s, he was an active participant on a listserv group that led to the formation of the Internet Bonsai Club (IBC). Discussion of stones on the IBC led to the formation of the Viewing Stone (web) Mail List (VSL, 1996-98) that Chris co-chaired. The VSL merged into a re-formulated IBC when it became a website discussion forum. He has served as a moderator (focusing especially on the "Stone Forum") on the IBC since it replaced the VSL.

In 1998, Chris joined the National Bonsai Foundation (NBF) as Secretary to the Board and helped construct the first NBF website. For a year (2003-04), Chris studied bonsai & suiseki in Japan at the garden studio of Kunio Kobayashi. In 1999, Chris became one of the founders of Potomac Viewing Stone Group (PVSG), a Potomac Bonsai Association club. Since 2005, he has served as president of PVSG. He has co-designed each annual exhibition for PVSG at the US National Arboretum. Chris is the Webmail Correspondent for California Aiseki Kai. He maintains a personal collection of bonsai as well as viewing and garden stones.

In 1999, Chris became one of the founders of Potomac Viewing Stone Group (PVSG), a Potomac Bonsai Association Club. Since 2005, he has served as president of the PVSG. He’s noted for co-designing the annual exhibitions for PVSG at the US National Arboretum. Chris proudly maintains a personal collection of bonsai as well as viewing and garden stones. Chris and his wife, Susan, reside in Glenn Allen, VA.

Charles Croft (Began term in 2018)

Charles (Chuck) Croft is a retired U.S. Air Force veteran, IT program manager, and consultant. He became peripherally interested in bonsai at the Brussels World’s Fair as an Air Force dependent but did not have the time or opportunity to pursue it as a hobby until the early 1990s. Chuck took up bonsai as a hobby in 1990 as a way to relax during a very high-pressure job situation and quickly became addicted. He was able to volunteer occasionally at the U.S. National Arboretum’s Bonsai and Penjing Museum until his retirement in 2007, which allowed him to then volunteer regularly.

During this journey, Chuck served as the President of the Northern Virginia Bonsai Society (NVBS) twice. He served as President of the Potomac Bonsai Association (PBA) four times and is currently serving in this role. He’s been serving in this capacity since 2018. He has also taught at various local club meetings, working as a mentor through in-person study groups and workshops at Merrifield Garden Center in Northern Virginia.

The PBA where Chuck has served as president since 2018 is an umbrella group consisting of local member clubs throughout Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia. Each of the clubs under PBA is focused on bonsai or, in one case, viewing stones. The purpose of PBA is to provide Bonsai-related educational resources and community-building opportunities by connecting mentors with bonsai practitioners at all levels. The PBA makes it possible for their member clubs to have access to great speakers, teachers, and useful resources consistently. They also allow members of one local club to attend another club’s meetings without the requirement of joining multiple clubs. Chuck and his wife, Verna reside in Burke, VA.

Julie Crudele (2014-2025)

Julie Crudele is an experienced fundraising and marketing professional with expertise in international development, environmental organizations, and national nonprofits undertaking capital campaigns and ambitious fundraising efforts. She recently concluded her tenure of almost 20 years as a partner consultant with Capacity Partners, based in Bethesda, MD.

Before that, she was the vice president of development and communications at CEDPA where she raised international funds for programs for women and girls. Other positions include executive vice president of the Jane Goodall Institute and vice president of communications and development at University Circle, Cleveland, plus many more. She is active in the Annapolis community and is a Board Member of Annapolis Green, Chairs the Events Logistics Committee for Anne Arundel Women Giving Together, and has been a member of the board of the National Bonsai Foundation since 2014. She has earned two master’s degrees from Case Western Reserve University in International Health and Medical Anthropology.

Mark Fields (Began term in 2018)

Mark Fields began his lifelong passion for the art of bonsai in 1968 at the age of nine. Since then he has learned from more than 60 bonsai artists from all over the globe. Over the years, has attended all but a few of Brussel’s Rendezvous. He is a past two-term president of the Indianapolis Bonsai Club and is currently the president of the American Bonsai Society.

His desire for more formal bonsai training led him to Europe. There he studied with Danny Use at Ginkgo Bonsai Nursery, located in Laarne, Belgium, in 2004, 2005, and again in 2009. It was there that he learned more about the horticultural aspects of bonsai.

Bjorn Bjorholm, a bonsai professional who was certified by the Nippon Bonsai Association, has taught at Mark’s nursey, Bonsai by Fields, LLC, located in Greenwood, Indiana, annually. Mark considers Bjorn to be his sensei. Bjorn urged Mark to study in Japan and in 2013 he traveled there where he visited several bonsai nurseries, including many of the nurseries in the Omiya Bonsai Village, Kyoto, and Osaka.

Mark also attended the 33rd Taikan-ten Bonsai Exhibition and the World Bonsai Exhibition in Saitama City, Japan, in May of 2017.

At Keichi Fujikawa’s Osaka bonsai nursery, Kouka-en, where Bjorn was a resident bonsai artist, he made arrangements to return to study at Fujikawa’s International School of Bonsai, where he studied for five weeks, in January and February of 2015. He received his certificate, for completing his studies there, in February 2015. It was during that trip that he attended the Gafu-ten Bonsai Exhibition in Kyoto and the 89thKokufu-ten Bonsai Exhibition in Tokyo. In April 2017, he returned to Japan to attend the 2017 World Bonsai Convention, held in Saitama City, Japan, as a guest. Mark built a new bonsai studio in 2018 and travels all over the Midwest where he teaches, lectures, vends, judges, and exhibits. He has served as an ex-officio member of the board of the NBF since 2018.

Carl Morimoto, PhD (2006-2024)

Carl Morimoto’s involvement with bonsai started in the early 1990s as a support role when his wife Helen started bonsai as a hobby. However, his interest piqued when he went to collect California Juniper with Harry Hirao in the mountains of Mojave, CA. Since then, he served for over nine years as editor/publisher for the Golden State Bonsai Federation’s bimonthly publication. He has been serving as a member of the board of NBF since 2006 (serving as Vice President from 2011 to 2020) and is currently a member of four local bonsai clubs.

Carl was born in Hiroshima to Hawaii-born parents. He immigrated to Hawaii in 1957 after completing middle school in Japan. After completing his doctorate in physical chemistry in Seattle, he moved to Michigan and Texas to continue some research work. Carl moved to California in 1975 and eventually retired from GE Nuclear Energy working on a safety instrument system development for nuclear power stations. Carl and his wife, Helen, reside in San Jose, CA.

Deborah Rose, BA MPH, SM, PhD (2004-2025)

Deborah Rose is a chronic disease epidemiologist with an interest in psychosocial epidemiology, demography, environmental health, and sustainable development. She has spent over 20 years designing and analyzing data from the US National Health Interview Survey focusing on 1990 Health Objectives, Healthy People 2010, tobacco use, Hispanic health, and advising the Ministries of Health of Hungary, Mexico, and Taiwan on best practices for their health interview surveys. She also was the first to advise the National Health Interview Survey of Mexico asking Mexican women about breast cancer screening practices. The resulting module uncovered the previously hidden epidemic of female breast cancer in that country.

Two of her projects were (1) co-chairing a conference on the formulation, assignment, protection, and use of national identification number systems, held at Harvard in November 2015 and (2) working with the University of Cape Coast, the Yale Alumni Service Corps, and the community of Yamoransa, Ghana, to bring computing, clean water, and sanitation to this crossroads village. In this capacity, she is enstooled as Nana Abena Nkosuo Hemaa (Queen Mother for Development). Deborah has a BA, MPH, and PhD from Yale University, and an SM in Population Studies from the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health.

She has spent more than 20 years developing and analyzing data from the U.S. National Health Interview Survey. She focused on tracking progress toward U.S. health goals between 1990 and 2010, with an emphasis on monitoring tobacco use in the U.S. and health disparities among Hispanics.

Deborah has advised the Ministries of Health of Hungary, Mexico, and Taiwan on best practices for their health interview surveys. Rose is currently working with partners at Yale, the University of Cape Coast in Ghana, the Ministries of Education and Health of Ghana, and the Yamoransa Community Development Committee in an ongoing collaboration to enhance opportunities for computing, education, clean water, sanitation, and local health care for the people of the village of Yamoransa and the surrounding communities. At Harvard, she spearheaded an international conference on “21st Century Identification Systems,” which has become an ongoing project, in collaboration with colleagues at the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights.

Stephen Voss (2018-2024)

Stephen Voss is an internationally recognized photographer based in Washington, DC. His clients include CNN, Time, Vanity Fair, Salesforce, and Audi. His work has been exhibited worldwide and is in the permanent collection of the Library of Congress. Stephen has been interviewed by the BBC, National Geographic, and Slate and writes regularly about photography. He has served as a member of the board of directors of the NBF since 2018. Stephen resides with his wife, Charlene Kannankeril, and family in Washington, DC.

NBF Helps Host Guests for Museum Tour

Photo from Tomas Eric Sales/Asian Development Bank

The National Bonsai Foundation was honored to host, and tour distinguished guests of Ambassador Chantale Wong (United States Director of the Asian Development Bank) from the Asian Development Bank, National Museum of Asian Art, the White House and Japan on a recent beautiful spring Sunday. NBF Board Chair Jim Hughes led the tour around the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum grounds. Those in the group picture above: 

• Jim Hughes, National Bonsai Foundation Board Chair

• U.S. Representative Mark Takano, (D-CA 41)

• Erika Moritsugu, Deputy Assistant to the President and Asian American and Pacific Islander Senior Liaison, The White House

• Masatsuga Asakawa, President, Asian Development Bank

• Ambassador Chantale Wong, United States Director of the Asian Development Bank

• Ross Campbell, Board Member, National Bonsai Foundation

• Frank Feltens, PhD, National Museum of Asian Art 

• Haruto Takimura, Chief Advisor to the President of the Asian Development Bank

• Laura Schwartz, Senior External Relations Officer, Asian Development Bank

• Mieko Kuramoto, Legislative Correspondent for Representative Takano

In the picture below, Assistant Museum Curator Andy Bello brought the tour to a close in the staff workroom with a brief explanation of his work on a Chinese Quince Orchard Forest. This tree was donated to the Museum by past curator, Warren Hill.  It was started from seed and has been in training since 1975.

 Photo from NBF Board Member

NBF is grateful to have spent time with the group remembering and celebrating the longstanding relationship between the United States and Japan, strengthened by the extraordinary Japanese gift to our country that formed the beginning of the Museum. NBF looks forward to bolstering those ties and hopes to welcome our guests for another visit soon. 

Welcome Henry Basile, 2022 First Curator's Apprentice!

Courtesy of Henry Basile

The National Bonsai & Penjing Museum would not be the treasured public accessory it is today without the dedicated team that cares for its collections. The National Bonsai Foundation (NBF) is pleased to introduce this year’s First Curator’s Apprentice, Henry Basile – a knowledgeable and dedicated individual excited to join an already deep bench of bonsai experts. 

The First Curator’s Apprenticeship honors Robert (Bob) Drechsler, the Museum’s inaugural curator who served in the position for more than 20 years. NBF established the apprenticeship in 2011 to pay homage to Robert’s decades of service to the national collection and to educate and train a new generation of American bonsai artists.

A recent Kansas State graduate, Henry said his introduction to bonsai was a pretty garden-variety experience: popular culture and mass-producing garden centers were his only exposure to the trees for most of his young life. 

“I vaguely knew about the historical significance and the horticultural prowess required to maintain the trees and held a significant amount of respect for the care and attention that curators and collectors paid them,” he said. “But I saw them as no more than ancient trees, valued only for their age.”

But then gardening gave Henry an escape route from an unfruitful year as a biomedical engineering major, sparking his near-instant switch into the horticulture tract. Having found his calling among the plants, a bonsai curation internship at the Denver Botanic Gardens piqued his interest. There he met his mentor, prominent bonsai artist and author Larry Jackel, who taught him about each facet of the Denver collection. 

“Larry spoke about the designs from an artist’s perspective – using the principles and elements of design to hammer in the concepts,” Henry said. “It was then I realized I had found something special.”

That internship blossomed from an intriguing career move to a flourishing understanding of horticulture and artistic expression. He delved into the works of notable artists like Bjorn Bjorholm, Michael Hagedorn and Bill Valavanis, and he studied the styles and techniques described in John Naka’s texts. Though Henry was first drawn to bonsai from a scientific standpoint, his internship in Denver helped him root his work in purpose and pride. 

“It is seldom that a career path can offer development of one’s understanding of nature and history, artistic capabilities, as well as one’s mindfulness,” he said. 

Henry first learned about the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum through acclaimed writer and former NBF Board Member Ann McClellan’s “Bonsai and Penjing: Ambassadors of Peace and Beauty,” available for order at the NBF bookstore. He picked Larry’s brain about the national collection and staff members involved in maintaining its prestige and vitality. When the apprenticeship opened, he knew he had to throw his hat in the ring.  

During Henry’s first trip to the Museum as an apprentice – during his spring break week earlier this year – he helped staff move trees from their winter accommodations to the pavilion display benches and in the courtyards, repot multiple trees and develop new bonsai using U.S. National Arboretum cultivars. He delved deeper into the design principles and horticultural needs – like sunlight levels and visual movement –  considered when presenting bonsai and penjing. 

One of the most impactful tasks, Henry said, was repotting and styling a cryptomeria forest planting by Eisaku Sato, one of the 53 bonsai in the bicentennial gift from Japan to the United States, which marked the start of the Museum.

“Though I spent much of the time analyzing the process, it quickly acclimated me to the gravity of the work I will be participating in during my apprenticeship,” he said.

Henry is eager to interact with Museum visitors and capitalize on any opportunity to share the nuggets of wisdom he receives as an apprentice with fellow bonsai lovers and artists. He hopes that offering insight even just for small tasks, like wiring or pruning, will increase the accessibility of bonsai and penjing – and horticulture in general. 

“Having a mentor that makes you feel welcome and connects with you as an individual is a deeply important part of the learning process,” Henry said. “I certainly hope to put myself in a position to be that mentor for others.”

Already, he has recognized the gravity that accompanies the role of a Museum staff member, serving as a steward of the historic trees. Henry aims to develop a more thorough understanding of the maintenance a bonsai or penjing requires throughout the year, not just during the growing season, and familiarize himself with the species diversity found in the national collection.

“The bonsai and penjing housed in this Museum are masterpieces that will cease to exist if under improper care,” he said. “It is now partially my responsibility to provide nothing but the proper care so these beautiful trees and landscapes will continue to exist for generations to come.” 

Henry said he is honored to have been accepted into the apprenticeship and is grateful for the experience he will gain as an artist and horticulturist. 

“I sought out the National Bonsai Foundation’s First Curator’s Apprenticeship to learn and grow from the knowledge and experience of the talented curatorial team and draw from the artistic vision of the numerous artists who have contributed their masterpieces to the Museum,” he said. “I have quite a long way to go in my bonsai journey, and the apprenticeship is a paramount step in realizing it.”

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​​NBF is pleased to provide complete financial support for this apprenticeship, thanks to the Foundation’s generous donors. Without your help, this one-of-a-kind apprenticeship that helps to usher in the next generation of horticulturists wouldn’t be possible. Make a tax-deductible gift today to support the future of bonsai artistry. 

Spring Flowering Bonsai

Prunus mume 'Kobai' flowers blooming at the entrance to the Dr. Yee-Sun Wu Chinese Pavilion at the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum. Photo by Steven Voss

It is peak cherry blossom time in Washington, D.C., and the beginning of a new growth ring. The birds, the bees and the humans are all swarming at the National Arboretum. The flowering cherry tree is the pinnacle angiosperm– that’s a fancy word for “flowering plant.”

The United States National Arboretum is a Clonal Germplasm Repository for the United States Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Research Service. Let’s just say it is a plant DNA library, but instead of books on shelves there are collections of plants in Arboretum gardens. 

The U.S. National Arboretum has more than a thousand cherry trees in their prime for viewing. While their twigs are still naked of leaves, hard wood branches are covered in delicate blossoms. Bees wiggle between the petals and pull out clutches of gold pollen. Humans put their backs against the flowers, smile at cameras, and click. Eagles are soaring and songbirds sing above it all! 

One exceptional specimen of cherry tree DNA is in the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum. Check it out by strolling past the masterpiece bonsai and penjing in the Museum’s central courtyard, behind the massive red doors of the Yee-Sun Wu Chinese Pavilion. Rising from the corner, with branches that partially eclipse the moon gate entrance, is a cherry tree named Prunus mume ‘Kobai’. Less than a month ago icicles were dripping from its hot pink petals. 

This spring, the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum is displaying collections of flowering plant DNA in the form of bonsai and penjing. The Museum’s azalea bonsai special exhibit will be May 21st to June 5th. Some other spring flowering bonsai to admire are quince, maples, crabapples, firethorn, pomegranate and privet. The maple flowers will be small and subtle. They are often too high to see in the wild, so they are overlooked in the landscape. When viewing the blossoms in the Museum’s Japanese Pavilion, they are accessible, a perfectly sized ornament for miniature trees. There is nothing subtle about the flowers on azalea bonsai. Branch pads are pruned to such exaggerated forms that individual plants sometimes appear to be dancing for attention. Within the John Y. Naka North American Pavilion, when the breeze is right, perfume from privet bonsai flowers may be smelled before they are seen. 

One reason bonsai trees appear to be so small is because the size of leaves can be reduced by human intervention. Humans may withhold water or fertilizer to decrease their size. Or large leaves may be plucked and grow back smaller. Roots are constrained by high fired glazed earthenware, but the size of flowers cannot be reduced. Their function is to make future plants. As reproductive elements of plants, where and when they form on bonsai is controlled by reproductive hormones. 

In 1920, two United States Department of Agriculture essential employees named Garner and Allard discovered that many plants flower in response to changes in day length. So, some of the bonsai flowers being adored this spring first began to grow almost a year ago. Last summer and autumn when the days were getting short, spring flowers were microscopic. They were hidden within sheaths of dormant buds for their protection. Growth slows in the winter, but it rarely stops. As flower buds endure the chill they swell faster with every increasing degree. 

Specimens prepared for the Museum’s spring flowering bonsai displays receive countless judicious pruning sessions between flower formation last year and peak spring bloom.  Established silhouettes have been preserved with care not to revert century old bonsai back into a flower-less juvenile state. The common bonsai technique of pinching, or as an arborist would call “header cuts,” are used with reservation. The resulting branch ramification may not allow enough sunlight into canopies to disinfect the diseases flowering trees are prone to. The culture of masterpiece flowering bonsai by pruning is both selective and reductive. The strongest branches are often removed while leaving the little phototropic lateral ones. Those lateral branches, or “spurs,” as an orchardist may say, are where flowers are born. 

With all the help they are receiving from birds, bees, and humans at the U.S. National Arboretum the flowers are sure to be pollinated this spring. Another growth ring will form, flowers will become crabapples and exhibitions will change. This year, the Museum’s fall fruit and foliage special exhibit will be held from October 29 through November 13th. It will highlight bonsai and penjing from the collections at peak autumn color and ripeness. The seasonal nature of bonsai ensures that there is always something to look forward to.

NBF Board Member Glenn Reusch Passes at 78

The National Bonsai Foundation mourns the loss of long-time NBF Board of Directors member Glenn Allen Reusch who passed on Oct. 26, 2021 at 78 years of age. 

An avid stone collector, Glenn dedicated much time to spreading the beauty and history found in the suiseki collection at the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum on the U.S. National Arboretum’s grounds. 

He was one of four founding members of the Potomac Viewing Stone Group in 1999 and remained their secretary from the group’s inception until his death. Glenn also participated on the NBF Board from 2002 until his passing. 

He served as co-chairman for the 5th World Bonsai Convention held in Washington, D.C. in 2005. Glenn also was the registrar and one of six organizers for the International Stone Appreciation Symposia held in Grantville, Pennsylvania from 2002 to 2012.  

The Reusch family is holding a celebration of life on Sunday, Oct. 31 at their home in Rochelle, Virginia. Some of Glenn’s exquisite viewing stone collection has previously been on display at the Museum: 

Coastal Rock Stone, Shenandoah River, Virginia (left) Human Object Stone, Basalt, Boise River, Idaho (right)

Please join us in celebrating his life in the comments section below. 

First Museum Curator Robert Drechsler Passes at Age 88

Affectionately known as “Bonsai Bob” in the bonsai community, Robert F. Drechsler of Cheltenham, Maryland passed away on Oct. 20, 2021, at age 88. Bob Drechsler was the first curator of the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum at the U.S. National Arboretum, the first museum of its kind dedicated to the public display of the art of bonsai.

“The Museum is such a vital component of our desire to connect people to the value of plants in their everyday lives,” U.S. National Arboretum Director Dr. Richard T. Olsen said. “Clearly, Bob was touched by the wonders of bonsai and saw to it that this joy was shared through a career spent in service to these trees and the National Arboretum.”

When the U.S. government received 53 bonsai from Japan in 1975 for the Bicentennial Celebration in 1976, Bob was tasked with the care of these living gifts. Bob enthusiastically began studying and learning what it would take to nurture and train these potted plants. Scant information was available at that time. He had no internet or YouTube to teach him. In 1977, Bob traveled to Japan to learn how the Japanese had been caring for the bonsai. He learned first-hand from Japanese bonsai masters and nurserymen.

“Bob laid the groundwork for the Museum,” Head of Horticulture and Education Scott Aker said. “He always insisted on keeping the artist’s intent for each tree in mind when styling decisions were made. He never tried to impose his own aesthetic and served faithfully as caretaker for the trees in their critical transition to our growing conditions.”

Bob held the position of curator until retirement in 1998. He oversaw the construction of the Japanese Pavilion in addition to the North American and Chinese Pavilions. Bob also established the tradition of using local bonsai enthusiasts, whom he managed and trained, to help maintain the bonsai collections. 

Bob held many interests, including freemasonry, which led him to be the Grand Master of the D.C. Freemasons. But in retirement, he also regularly spent time at the Museum continuing to care for the trees. 

"Throughout his career and retirement, Bob was also a faithful supporter of the National Bonsai Foundation and its efforts to provide financial and programmatic support to the Museum, which he helped shape in its infancy,” NBF Board Chair Jim Hughes said.

Former Curator and NBF Co-President Jack Sustic said Bob’s generosity and dedication helped mold the Museum into what it is today.

“Bob was very humble and quick to falsely claim that he knew nothing about bonsai, even after 20 plus years of successful stewardship,” Sustic said. “Bob eagerly shared his wealth of knowledge, insight and experience with the Museum's history and care of the trees.”

In 2012, the First Curator’s Apprenticeship was established in Bob’s honor to train the next generation of bonsai artists. The scholarship has since been awarded to nine up-and-coming horticulturists. Former NBF President Felix Laughlin said he is glad to have the apprenticeship to pay homage to Bob and his legacy. 

“When I think of the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum, in my mind’s eye I see Bob Drechsler,” Laughlin said. “Bob personified all that the Museum represents: a national center inspiring multitudes of annual visitors with the beauty of bonsai, celebrating the legacy of all those who have made the Museum possible and assuring the health of the living collections for future generations.”

Bob (second from left) with three other Museum curators

Bonsai is Best of D.C. 2021

You voted, and the results are in! Washington City Paper has published this year’s Best of D.C. with promising results. We sincerely appreciate all of our supporters who worked to recognize the National Bonsai Foundation, the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum and the U.S. National Arboretum in so many categories. 

The results show that the Museum, the Foundation, and the Arboretum were recognized in a total of ten categories! Thank you for demonstrating the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum and the National Bonsai Foundation’s value in the D.C. community for yet another year. The National Bonsai & Penjing Museum has now been recognized as one of the best places to take an out-of-towner for four years in a row! Take a look at the total awards and honorable mentions below.

The National Bonsai Foundation:

• Best Arts & Culture Nonprofit — Finalist

The National Bonsai & Penjing Museum:

• Best Place to Meditate — Second Place

• Best Tour for Out-of-Towner — Second Place

• Best First Date Activity — Finalist

• Best Museum Tour — Finalist

• Best Outdoor Venue — Finalist

• Best Place to Day Trip — Finalist

• Best Place to Take an Out-of-Towner — Finalist

The U.S. National Arboretum:

• Best First Date Activity — Winner

• Best COVID-19 Silver Lining — Second Place

Bonsai is Back: Words from PBA’s President on the 2021 Fall Show

Chuck Croft hard at work.

The weekend of Oct. 8-11, the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum hosted the Potomac Bonsai Association’s 2021 Fall Show (PBA) at the U.S. National Arboretum. In anticipation for the event, the National Bonsai Foundation (NBF) spoke with Chuck Croft, President of PBA and ex-officio member of the NBF Board of Directors. He shared with us his expectations of the Fall Show and what to look forward to in future bonsai events.

PBA was founded by a group of bonsai enthusiasts in 1970. The Association has a long history of contributing Museum volunteers and has maintained a close relationship with both the National Bonsai Foundation and the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum over the years. In fact, during the Museum’s conception in 1976, volunteers from PBA helped to maintain Japan’s bicentennial gift of 53 bonsai to the U.S. National Arboretum, which constituted the Museum’s original collection.

“NBF, as I'm sure you’re aware, is the primary stakeholder for the Museum and PBA provides the vast majority of the volunteers at the Museum,” said Croft. “So we work with NBF in that respect and many of us are NBF members.” 

PBA currently oversees seven local chapters dispersed throughout Washington, D.C., Maryland and Virginia. They prioritize bonsai education and community building by connecting mentors with bonsai practitioners at all levels. 

Chuck Croft’s history with bonsai began over 30 years ago. He has been elected President of the Northern Virginia Bonsai Society twice since 1999 before eventually taking on the PBA presidency a total of four times. His long track record of leadership in bonsai is bolstered by a commitment to educating others.

“The first few years I was in bonsai I tried to learn by reading and that didn’t really help much,” Croft said. “You learn so much more and at a rapid pace as a member of a club where people can mentor you and teach, rather than trying to do it by yourself.”

Outside of his presidential duties, Croft works to mentor others through in-person study groups, some of which last years. He also teaches classes and workshops such as the ones he was invited to do at Merrifield Garden Center.

Croft is looking forward to the Fall Show as an exciting in-person opportunity to gather bonsai enthusiasts and reinvigorate local bonsai activity.

“This fall show is an effort to get things moving in the bonsai world locally again,” he said. “We are going to show trees and have people there to answer questions and teach - socially-distanced - about the trees.”

For those who couldn’t attend the event, Croft has some practical advice.

“Learn about the horticulture of your tree,” Croft said. “Different species of trees have different requirements, as in watering and sunshine and so forth. Learn the horticulture of your tree and you will increase the chances of you keeping your tree alive.” 

Croft acknowledges that perseverance and reflection, beyond community engagement, are necessary to become a better bonsai practitioner.

“If you lose a tree, know that we all have,” he said. “Don’t get discouraged. Learn from how you lost it. Everybody in bonsai has lost trees.”

Despite the losses, Croft continues to maintain the legacy of bonsai through his work at PBA and his generous commitment to hands-on teaching. 

“I enjoy it,” Croft said. “It helped me when I was in a very stressful situation. I think the trees are beautiful and I’ve always enjoyed the outdoors. It brings me back to my roots in a lot of ways.”

The Potomac Bonsai Association’s Fall Show will be held Oct. 8-11 at the National Bonsai & Penjing Museum located at the U.S. National Arboretum in Washington, D.C., from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. each day. Join us this weekend to admire the work of fellow bonsai enthusiasts from the D.C. metropolitan area. 

Thank you to the PBA volunteers and Museum staff that made this event possible. Event staff estimate that over 1,000 attendees came to admire the work of fellow bonsai enthusiasts from the D.C. metropolitan area. 

Readers interested in joining a local PBA chapter can visit potomacbonsai.com to learn more.